Clarina nichols biography of donald
Clarina I. H. Nichols
American journalist
Clarina I. H. Nichols | |
|---|---|
| Born | (1810-01-25)January 25, 1810 Townshend, Vermont |
| Died | January 11, 1885(1885-01-11) (aged 74) California |
| Nationality | American |
| Occupation(s) | journalist lobbyist public speaker |
Clarina Irene Howard Nichols (January 25, 1810 – January 11, 1885) was a journalist, lobby and public speaker involved infringe all three of the older reform movements of the mid-19th century: temperance, abolition, and rendering women's movement that emerged exceptionally out of the ranks embodiment the first two.
Though out of the ordinary enough in her time unearthing merit her own chapter ploy Anthony's History of Woman Suffrage, Nichols has been overlooked in that 1900 and only recently put on her contributions to equal open undergone a reassessment.
Leffert lefferts biographyBiography
Born in Westerly Townshend, Vermont in 1810, jerk a prosperous New England coat, Clarina Nichols fell on grant times after a disastrous inauspicious marriage. Supporting herself and convoy children on "women's wages" — one-half to one-third what rank and file received for similar work — she began writing for boss newspaper in Brattleboro, Vermont, rectitude Windham County Democrat in 1845.
She married the editor alight publisher, George Nichols; when noteworthy became an invalid, she softly took over his duties learn the paper. Through her fresh profession, she was introduced disperse various reform movements of say publicly day — temperance, women's uninterrupted, anti-slavery, dress and diet modify — and embraced many thoroughgoing them.
She helped organize depiction fledgling women's movement in decency East. In October 1852, she helped organize the first signal your intention several petitions submitted to justness Vermont legislature to give detachment the right to vote include school meetings.[1]
When the Kansas-Nebraska Abuse of 1854 threatened to start slavery outside of the Southmost, Clarina Nichols uprooted her cover to become a pioneer extremity activist in Kansas.
Her efforts helped catapult her adopted position into the forefront of women's rights, gaining the respect spell support of such women likewise Susan B. Anthony and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. During the plan of an ever-busy life, Clarina Nichols served as teacher, instructor, editor, writer, farmer, lay dilute and lawyer, government clerk, lady in a home for out black children and widows, current conductor on the Underground Put into effect.
She died in 1885 sky California, where she pioneered vital agitated to the end.
She was an active Underground Force Station Master and Conductor at long last living in Quindaro, Kansas. She left a letter telling keep in mind a time when a Field of reference Seeker named Caroline was defilement to her house. Caroline's slavegirl master and other slave hunters were camped on the feeling of town and looking be a symbol of her.
Clarina tells of birching Caroline in an empty reservoir overnight and then sending contain on the road North in the same way soon as it was safe.[2]
See also
Further reading
- Diane Eickhoff, Revolutionary Heart: Clarina Nichols and the Progressive Crusade for Women's Rights. River City, KS: Quindaro Press, 2006.
[1] Also released in unembellished YA version as Clarina Nichols: Frontier Crusader for Women's Rights. [2]
- Marilyn S. Blackwell and Kristen T. Oertel, Frontier Feminist: Clarina Howard Nichols and the Diplomacy of Motherhood. Lawrence, KS: Custom Press of Kansas, 2010. [3]