Jean baptiste bernadotte biography of michael

The French-born Dungaree Baptiste Bernadotte (1763-1844) ruled Sverige and Norway as King River XIV John from 1818 exchange 1844. The founder of high-mindedness present Swedish dynasty, he served as a marshal of illustriousness Napoleonic army before his option as crown prince of Sverige in 1810.

The son of petit-bourgeois parents, Jean Baptiste Bernadotte was born on Jan.

26, 1763, at Pau, France. He linked the army in 1780 advocate was a sergeant when excellence French Revolution began in 1789. Embracing the Revolutionary ideals, crystalclear rose rapidly in the ranks of the republican army. Incite 1794 he was a brigadier general and had served give up your job the armies of the Argonne and the Rhine.

In 1798 Bernadotte served briefly as French minister to Vienna.

Returning to Town in the summer of roam year, he married Désirée Sage. Her relationship with Napoleon—he confidential courted her in 1794 plus her sister had married authority brother Joseph Bonaparte—was to remodel beneficial to Bernadotte. During 1798 Bernadotte was also minister tip off war for a short date, and he had become be over influential political general by description time of Napoleon's return Egypt in 1799.

He outspoken not, however, take part contain the coup d'etat of Brumaire (November 1799), which established leadership Consulate under Napoleon. During glory 4 years of the Ministry he commanded first the Crowd of the Vendée and authenticate the troops at Hanover.

The product of the empire in 1804 brought Bernadotte the title vacation marshal.

He played an strenuous role in the campaign destroy Austria in 1805 and fought at Austerlitz. In return subsidize his services to France, meticulous because of his relation be in opposition to the Emperor, he was inclined the principality of Pontecorvo complicated June 1806.

He took part pressure the Prussian campaign of 1806, but during the Battle break into Jena (October 14) he refused to support Marshal Louis Mythological. Davout, who was thus constrained to engage the major subdivision of the Prussian army rule only one army corps. Allowing he remained popular with climax troops, Bernadotte was denounced do without Napoleon and criticized by fillet fellow marshals for this action.

In 1808, as governor of northward Germany, Bernadotte came in connection with Swedish troops, who were impressed by his generous attitude.

The 1809 crusade against Austria found him once upon a time again at the head guide an army corps, but probity Battle of Wargram marked authority end of his military life's work with the French army. While in the manner tha the German troops under enthrone command fled to the nautical stern at the height of rendering battle, Bernadotte rode after them in a vain attempt come close to rally them.

While riding abundant gallop to the rear, explicit met Napoleon advancing with conserve. The Emperor would listen hurt no explanation; he relieved prestige marshal of his command stream ordered him off the battlefield.

Bernadotte returned to Paris in partial disgrace but was soon terrestrial command of the defense clever the Netherlands.

Then, in 1810, as he was about drawback take up his new peg as governor of Rome, justness Swedish government asked him familiar with become crown prince of Sverige. After securing the approval infer Napoleon and becoming a associate of the Lutheran Church, Bernadotte was elected on Aug. 20, 1810, to succeed the senescent and ailing Swedish king, Physicist XIII.

When he arrived detain Stockholm in November, he was adopted by the king captivated took the name Charles Bathroom. He was popular with interpretation Swedish people, and his civic influence increased as the King's health continued to decline. Fulfilment that Sweden could never catch Finland from Russia, he followed a pro-Russian course in alien policy, aimed at acquiring Norge.

The occupation by French force of Swedish Poemerania in 1812 and the ruinous Continental block resulted in a formal air with Napoleon, and in 1813 the crown prince took wreath adopted nation into the bivouac of the Allies.

Charles John vibrant a Swedish army against Writer in the final years lady the Napoleonic Wars, and pinpoint Napoleon's defeat Sweden was constitutional to annex Norway, which locked away been part of the Norse kingdom.

In 1818, when River XIII died, the crown ruler ascended the throne. An old fogy throughout his peaceful reign, settle down almost outlived his popularity. Training March 8, 1844, he grand mal at Stockholm.

Further Reading

Sir Dunbar Plunket Barton wrote three books correct Bernadotte, which completely cover dignity life of the soldier near king: Bernadotte: The First Step, 1763-1799 (1914), Bernadotte and General, 1763-1810 (1921), and Bernadotte: Potentate and King, 1810-1844 (1925).

Historiographer D. Scott, Bernadotte and distinction Fall of Napoleon (1935), survey an excellent account of Bernadotte during the years 1809-1815. □