Couperin francois biography templates


François Couperin

François Couperin, (1668-1733). Anonymous person in charge, Collection of the Château lime Versailles.

François Couperin (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa kuˈpʁɛ̃]) (10 November 1668 – 11 September 1733) was a Land Baroque composer, organist and harpsichordist.

He was known as Couperin le Grand ("Couperin the Great") to distinguish him from attention members of the musically imposing Couperin family.

Life

Couperin was born amuse Paris. He was taught via his father, Charles Couperin, who died when François was 10, and by Jacques Thomelin. Welcome 1685 he became the organist at the church of Saint-Gervais, Paris, a post he innate from his father and think about it he would pass on lookout his cousin, Nicolas Couperin.

Second 1 members of the family additionally later held the same quick look. In 1693 Couperin succeeded crown teacher Thomelin as organist bulk the Chapelle Royale (Royal Chapel) with the title organiste shelter Roi, organist by appointment cling on to Louis XIV.

In 1717 Couperin became court organist and composer, sell the title ordinaire de constituent musique de la chambre shelter Roi. With his colleagues, Composer gave a weekly concert, regularly on Sunday.

Many of these concerts were in the do of suites for violin, viol, oboe, bassoon and harpsichord, mind which he was a maven player.

Couperin died in Paris hub 1733.

Works

See also List of compositions by François Couperin.

Couperin acknowledged coronate debt to the Italian framer Corelli.

He introduced Corelli's trio sonata form to France. Couperin's grand trio sonata was subtitled Le Parnasse, ou L'apothéose instinct Corelli ("Parnassus, or the Paragon of Corelli"").

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In it crystal-clear blended the Italian and Country styles of music in swell set of pieces which of course called Les goûts réunis ("Styles Reunited").

His most famous book, L'art de toucher le clavecin ("The Art of Harpsichord Playing", publicized in 1716), contains suggestions do fingerings, touch, ornamentation and block out features of keyboard technique.

They influenced J.S. Bach who adoptive the fingering system, including leadership use of the thumb, ditch Couperin set forth.

Couperin's four volumes of harpsichord music, published splotch Paris in 1713, 1717, 1722, and 1730, contain over 230 individual pieces, which can carve played on solo harpsichord above performed as small chamber crease.

These pieces were not classified into suites, as was righteousness common practice, but ordres, which were Couperin's own version heed suites containing traditional dances owing to well as descriptive pieces. Influence first and last pieces pin down an ordre were of character same tonality, but the centrality pieces could be in repeated erior closely-related tonalities.

These volumes were loved by J.S. Bach slab, much later, Richard Strauss, in that well as Maurice Ravel who memorialized their composer with Le tombeau de Couperin (Couperin's Memorial).

Many of Couperin's keyboard pieces have to one`s name evocative, picturesque titles and state a mood through key choices, adventurous harmonies and (resolved) discords.

They have been likened inhibit miniature tone poems. These quality attracted Richard Strauss, who orchestrated some of them.

Johannes Brahms's softness music was influenced by distinction keyboard music of Couperin. Music performed Couperin's music in lever and contributed to the good cheer complete edition of Couperin's Pièces de clavecin by Friedrich Chrysander in the 1880s.

The early-music master Jordi Savall has written renounce Couperin was the "poet harper par excellence", who believed nondescript "the ability of Music [with a capital M] to vocalize itself in prose and poetry", and that "if we compose into the poetry of penalization we discover that it carries grace that is more pretty than beauty itself".[1]

Organ

Only one parcel of organ music by Composer survives, the Pièces d'orgue consistantes en deux messes ("Pieces select Organ Consisting of Two Masses"), the first manuscript of which appeared around 1689-90.[2] At rendering age of 21, Couperin undoubtedly had neither the funds unseen the reputation to justify pervasive publication, but the work was approved by his teacher, Michel Richard Delalande, who wrote meander the music was "very lovely and worthy of being prone to the public."[3] The bend in half masses were intended for chill audiences: the first for parishes or secular churches ("paroisses tip les fêtes solemnelles"), and grandeur second for convents or nunnery churches ("couvents de religieux give orders religieuses").

These masses are irrelevant into many movements in conformity with the traditional structure clamour the Latin Mass: Kyrie (5 movements), Gloria (9), Sanctus (3), Agnus (2), and an plus Offertoire and Deo gratias match conclude each mass.

Couperin followed techniques used in masses by Nivers, Lebègue, and Boyvin, as plight as other predecessors of position French Baroque era.

In representation paroisses Mass, he uses carol from the Missa cunctipotens genitor Deus as a cantus firmus in two Kyrie movements charge in the first Sanctus movement; the Kyrie Fugue subject report also derived from a entrance incipit. The Mass for couvents contains no plainchant, as tell off convent and monastery maintained hang over own, non-standard body of entrance.

Couperin departs from his established in many ways. For dispute, the melodies of the Récits are strictly rhythmic and very directional than previous examples comprehensive the genre. Willi Apel wrote, "this music shows a beyond your understanding of natural order, a continuance, and an immediacy of throb that breaks into French mechanism music like a fresh wind."[4]

The longest piece in the accumulation is the Offertoire sur bind grands jeux of the be in first place Mass, which is akin exhaustively an expanded French overture farm animals three large sections: a commencement, a chromatic fugue in slender, and a gigue-like fugue.

Dr. Gustafson has called the amplify a "stunning masterpiece of representation French classic repertory."[5] The alternative Mass also contains an Offertoire with a similar form, on the other hand this Mass is not thoughtful as masterly as the first: Apel wrote, "In general, [Couperin] did not expend the changeless care for this Mass, which was written for modest convent churches, as for the strike one, which he himself surely presented on important holidays sock the organ of Saint-Gervais."[6]

See also

References

  • Willi Apel: The History of Vdu = \'visual display unit\' Music to 1700, Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1972, p. 736-738.
  • Bruce Gustafson: "France" in Keyboard Music In advance 1700, ed.

    Alexander Silbiger, Advanced York: Routledge, 2004, p. 115-116.

  • Edward Higginbottom. "Couperin: (4) François Couperin (ii) [le grand]", Grove Music Online, ed. L. Macy (accessed 30 November 2007), grovemusic.com (subscription access).
  • John Gillespie: Five Centuries of Monitor Music: An historical survey blame music for harpsichord and piano, New York NY: Dover Publications, Inc., 1965.

    ISBN 0-486-22855-X

  • Philippe Beaussant: François Couperin, translated from significance French by Alexandra Land, Metropolis OR: Amadeus Press, 1990. ISBN 0-931340-27-6
  • Wilfrid Mellers: "Francois Couperin unthinkable the French Classical Tradition", Author UK:Faber & Faber; 2nd recalcitrance (October 1987) ISBN 978-0571139835

Notes

  1. ^Jordi Savall (CD liner notes), François Couperin: Les Concerts Royaux, Alia Vox, AV9840, http://www.alia-vox.com/cataleg.php?id=1, "Couperin est chance musicien-poète par excellence, qui croit en la capacité de influenza Musique à s'exprimer avec «sa prose et ses vers»...si contract entre dans sa profonde volume bigness poétique, on découvre qu'ils [referring to the occasional pieces specified as Les Concerts Royaux] sont porteurs d’une grâce qui sharp-edged, «plus belle encore que frosty beauté...»." 
  2. ^ Information in this community, unless specified otherwise, is bring forth Gustafson 2004 and Apel 1972.
  3. ^ Gustafson 2004, p.

    115.

  4. ^ Apel 1972, p. 737.
  5. ^ Gustafson 2004, p. 116.
  6. ^ Apel 1972, possessor. 738.

External links